Should We Eat Animals Essay - 519 Words

The question if humans should eat meat from animals has been argued over many years. Many people believe that it is wrong and many people believe that it is right. Two out of one hundred Americans are vegetarians (Langley 5). The number is even higher in other places, including India, where thirty-three out of one hundred people are vegetarians (Langley 5). All humans on the Earth should be consuming meat from animals. People who do not eat meat at all can miss out on important nutrients, such as crucial vitamins and minerals (Langley 50). The first people to walk the Earth ate only plants (Langley 9). Then, about two point five million years ago, they began to consume meat (Langley 9). The first meat-eaters depended on meat†¦show more content†¦All meat must be prepared in a special way called â€Å"kosher†, meaning proper; legitimate (Langley 23). Muslims can eat all different types of meat, except pork (Langley 23). Like Judaism, meat for Muslims must be p repared in a special way called â€Å"halal†, meaning legal. Being both an athlete and a vegetarian can be very challenging, especially for people who are vegans (Being a Vegetarian). It can be very hard to eat the amount of food needed to reach the caloric intake of an athlete (Being a Vegetarian). Vegetarians who participate in sports need to be aware of his or hers increased energy needs, and should start to make a conscious effort to consume a sufficient amount of calories needed (Being a Vegetarian). All of the humans on Earth should be consuming meat from animals. There are many different points that could be made on the topic of eating animals. Many humans believe that animals do not have rights (Eating Animals). Many people also think that animals do have rights and they are vegetarians because of it. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), a famous Italian painter and vegetarian said, â€Å"Truly man is the king of beasts, for his brutality exceeds theirs. We live by the death of others: we are burial places! I have, from an early age, abjured (Rejected) the use of meat, and the time will come when men such as I will look on the murder of animals as they now look on the murder of men† (Langley 18). There are many different opinions on the subject,Show MoreRelatedWhat Does Robert Scruton Mean When He Says We Should Eat Our Friends?895 Words   |  4 Pagesmean when he says we should eat our friends? Should we physically eat the people who are dear to us; who we love to hangout with and talk to? What is categorized as a ‘friend’ in the eyes of Robert Scruton? To put it simply, we definitely should be eating our friends. And just to clarify, he doesn’t mean you have to eat the friends you go to school with, the friends you get drinks with, or the friends you go shopping with. Instead, we should encourage the thought of considering animals as our friendsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Eating Meat Essay1504 Words   |  7 PagesT he Ethics of Eating Meat We are a nation of meat eaters. We are socialized from a young age to consume high levels of animal products. This deeply ingrained meat-eating tradition is a big part of the American standard diet. A visit to the local grocery store shows that there is no shortage of animal products. Isle by isle you see a plethora of meats, neatly packed and ready to be cooked, dairy products neatly shelved, and even candies that contain animal by-products. This is an omnivore’s utopiaRead More Vegetarian Essay example791 Words   |  4 PagesVegetarians Growth problems. Animal population problems. Disease. These are all problems caused by being a vegetarian, that is, one who only eats vegetables. There are different degrees of being a vegetarian. To one extreme, is a person who eats nothing associated with animals (no yogurt, ice-cream, or even anything that has come in contact with meat or another animal). The opposite are those who just eat vegan most of the time and will still eat animal bi-products. Then there are othersRead MoreThe Rhetorical Analysis Of Peter Singer, All Animals Are Equal977 Words   |  4 PagesSinger, All Animals are Equal In order to understand Peter Singers article All Animals Are Equal, one has to look at his viewpoint and perspective. Singer is a utilitarian, which is someone who believes that best outcome is something that causes that greatest amount of pleasure (or the least amount of pain) for the greatest number of people. However, in this definition the word people is used, as to mean only humans. This is the point that Singer is trying to argue. Who is to say that animals do notRead MoreHow Being Moral Include Animals1261 Words   |  6 PagesHow being moral include animals No doubt that food is a very essential source of energy to the human body, but certain types of food are immensely controversial, such as meat. There are many perspectives for eating food: one states that everyone should be vegan- someone who does not eat any animal products like meat for certain reasons that might be righteous or even health and religious reasons in order for animals, especially cattle, to live life they deserve. Another point of view is that someRead MoreEssay on Peter Singers Views on the Killing of Animals1295 Words   |  6 Pageskilling of animals wrong? This is an issue that is currently being argued. In the world there are people who kill animals to eat them while there are others that feel that it is inhumane to kill defenseless animals. There are many factors over which animals are killed. For example, animals that are suffering due to an illness, animals that have shown to be dangerous around us, for food, and to maintain the animal’s populatio n balanced. Some people have argued that killing animals for food isRead MoreThe Ethics of Eating Meat Essay663 Words   |  3 PagesGood to Eat?† by Sarah Boesveld, she interviews author Jonathan Safran to share his opinion on eating meat and factory farming. He believes that â€Å"...if [people] just ate according to the values they already have, then factory farming would disappear.† Whether or not people realize the sources from which meat in modern day society comes from, they cannot deny the fact that meat is delectable. Sadly, many people who are aware of where their meat comes from will argue that it is unethical to eat meat thatRead MoreHow America Decides What to Eat in Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma1015 Words   |  5 Pagesthat consumes both plants and animals for nutrition. In Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma he explains just as the title suggests, the omnivore’s dilemma. In it he describes how omnivor es, such as ourselves, came to eat the way we do now. Pollan divides his writing into four main areas: introducing what the omnivore’s dilemma is, explaining how we decide what to eat, introducing our anxieties towards eating, and the problem with how Americans decide what to eat. Pollan also calls on the expertiseRead MoreAntibiotic Resistance And Its Effects On The World s Most Worrisome Health Issues Essay1053 Words   |  5 Pagesthink we can fight the superbugs by not abusing drug use and not giving drugs to animals that we eat. Superbugs are a certain type of bacteria that is immune to all medicine that you throw at it and can be very deadly. Antibiotic resistance is one of the world s most worrisome health issues. Improper use of antibiotics are the main cause of drug resistant bacteria.I think we can fight the superbugs / antibiotic resistance by not abusing drug use and not giving drugs to animals that we eat. AlsoRead MoreLet them eat dog Essay833 Words   |   4 Pagesï » ¿Let Them Eat Dog Written by: JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER The analysis is based on the essay by JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER titled â€Å"Let Them Eat Dog†. This essay debates a topic that at first glance would seem to have a logical answer of no but the author provides many reasons that may make you wonder why is no the answer. What would your response be to the question should we eat dogs? First from a rational appeal, the author challenges you to remove the emotion or stigma from the act of using a dog for meat

Essay on How the Graph of Life Tool Helps Individuals

Case Study Example for LIFC 201 I met with Joan for the first time last week. As I do with all of my clients, a week before our initial meeting I sent her a welcome packet. According to Collins (2009), it can be beneficial to explain to clients the difference between coaching and counseling, so I adapted the fact sheet he provides in his book Christian Coaching and included that in my packet. I also included a copy of the contract, my initial questionnaire, and Collin’s (2009) Graph of Life tool, as I know that it is important to set the tone for the coaching relationship in the first meeting. I try to give my clients the proper tools and information needed in order for our coaching sessions to go smoothly and for there to be†¦show more content†¦We determined that Joan’s largest gaps from where she is to where she wants to be are in the areas of mental/emotional health, lifestyle, and her personal spiritual life. I explained that we would spend most of our coaching sessions focusing on the three areas with the largest gaps. I also explained that by addressing these areas, Joan might see improvement in her satisfaction levels in the other areas as well. In using the Graph of Life tool with my client, I can see how it can help client’s determine that they want to change by visually showing them their dissatisfaction and would definitely use this tool with clients in the future. Like Collins (2009) says, getting a client to the point where they recognize their need for change â€Å"is where the coaching start[s]† (p. 60). I was encouraged by Joan’s reaction to the assessment and her willingness to try the tools. It is obvious that she is committed to changing When I completed the assessment on myself, I was surprised to realize that I am unsatisfied in the areas of physical health and lifestyle. Since I was forced to analyze my situation, I realized that I am not fulfilled in these areas. Therefore, I have decided to step away from my responsibility as the director for the church meal train program and rather to volunteer to cook one meal a month. I also have determined to wake up 30Show MoreRelatedThe Assumption Of Data Statistics1180 Words   |  5 Pagesseparate variation from special causes and variation from common causes, thereby aiding decision making and learning. Problems of higher dimension are often beyond us unless we break out our statistical tool kit to study the situation. For example, it helps the call center manager understand how contact resolution, waiting time, agent professionalism, and the phone menu combine to create customers who return to buy more, or customers who abandon you and tell their friends to stay away. ThereforeRead MoreAssumptions Statistics : Data Statistics1192 Words   |   5 Pagesseparate variation from special causes and variation from common causes, thereby aiding decision making and learning. Problems of higher dimension are often beyond us unless we break out our statistical tool kit to study the situation. For example, it helps the call center manager understand how contact resolution, waiting time, agent professionalism, and the phone menu combine to create customers who return to buy more, or customers who abandon you and tell their friends to stay away. ThereforeRead MoreProject Clerk : My Role As A Management Engineer Essay1564 Words   |  7 Pages Our team has five members, one leader, and four followers. Our goal is to come up with a tool that can help people(mainly towards students) make their decision in a more efficient way by means of using Excel. Moreover, let every member in the team join the whole process, such as brain storm, group meeting, coding and writing report,etc...So that everyone can experience different things and learn how to think and work as a management engineer. Bohengtai Xu (Project Clerk): My role in the teamRead MoreSocial Media For Software Engineering1635 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of software engineering, both to test hypotheses and to create tools to improve practice (e.g. team awareness tools about software development . INTRODUCTION Over the past 10 years, researchers have offered improved interest towards social aspects of software application engineering, equally to test ideas concerning to software development (Ex: socio-technical) and to generate resources to boost practice (Ex: team awareness tools). We can find inspiration pertaining to additional understandingRead MoreBest Practices Of Mathematics Instructions1205 Words   |  5 Pagesthe learners’ interest and help them to connect with the problem solving and questioning techniques. A unit plan should contain objectives, state standards, a summary of duties, and goals. Moreover, it should contain the types of material needed for students to accomplish the task. There should be a breakdown of the unit by day or week. Teacher should include the lecture and any quizzes, tests, or other assignments that will occur. Mathematics units are designed to help learners know what to expectRead MoreChildren Of The Great Depression1280 Words   |  6 Pages The book Children of the Great Depression: Social Change in Life Experience was written by Glen H. Elder, to inform the audience of the effects that the Great Depression had on children that lived during that time period. The author s argument is that the children of the Great Depression were psychologically affected by the economic hardships encountered by their families. This book relates to Hawk s Nest because it is set in the Great Depression. In the field of child development, one aspectRead MorePersonal Learning Styles Essay1184 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Throughout life everyone learns. How we learn and whether we are able to retain and recall that information is the problematic part. This paper will discuss the ways that we all are diverse and the various ways we are most able to learn for long-term knowledge. Most people know that everyone has different learning styles. The way we absorb, analyze, and retain information is what makes each individual unique. What is successful for one individual may not be the most optimal way ofRead MoreEssay about Vark Learning Style Analysis806 Words   |  4 Pages2012 V.A.R.K. Learning Style Analysis Introduction From the time of birth, individuals are constantly learning. Individual learning styles vary from person to person. It is essential to the education of the individual to learn the particular style of learning that best serves them. One particular analysis tool is the visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic or V.A.R.K. tool (VARK, 2011). This tool allows the individual to identify their particular learning style which will better prepare them throughoutRead MoreEssay on Egypts Economic Climate908 Words   |  4 Pagesconstitution was recently approved in January 2014 (Egypt Overview, 2014). Egypt continues to struggle economically with a weak growth rate at 1.8% and unemployment reaching 13.4% (The World Factbook, 2014). Out of the 13.4% unemployed, over 75% are individuals ages 15-29 (Egypt Overview, 2014). These factors contribute to the country’s high gross public debt that equated to almost 100% of GDP in 2013, which was $552.4 billion (The World Factbook, 2014). Egypt is r elying heavily for economic supportRead MoreIdentifying Optimal Learning Modes / Strategies761 Words   |  4 PagesNo one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most significant aspect of his/her life. Human beings every moment enhance their intellect by learning and teaching; therefore, understanding and utilizing the perfect learning approaches are sine qua non. VARK is a questionnaire that helps your learning by suggesting the strategies you should be using (Fleming, 1987). Utilizing this tool can contribute people to identify optimal learning modes/strategies in order to increase the effectiveness

Learning Strategies Policies and Outcomes

Question: Discuss about the Learning Strategies for Policies and Outcomes. Answer: Introduction: The article aims to document recent trends in gender gaps in wages and employment in Spain. The paper is the updated version of a report that was a background paper for the World Development Report 2012: Gender Equality and Development by the World Bank. As per the article, despite that impressive decline in the gender gap in employment, the chances are that women work less in comparison to males. The gender gap in wages is still high. The most notifying aspect is that gender gap is wages is driven primarily by differences in returns to individual characteristics. Female employment has the prime focus on lower paid jobs like sales, service and clerical support as the responsibilities of such jobs are less. In spite of the fact that women have more qualification than men, they earn less as per the labour market features. The existing literature indicates that reaction of households to incentives put forward by different policies and reforms are responsible to some extent for the femal e labour market features. The paper suggests that there are glass-ceiling and sticky-floor effects on female wages. A huge influx of immigrants allows educated women to enter the labour market. However, there is a need for changes to be made in policies to shorten the gap existing in gender wage gap. Critique: The article throws light on the fact that though the Spanish labour market has witnessed a significant transformation in the recent few decades, the gender gap in employment and wages is still prevalent. Statistical analysis of the data gives a clear picture of the reasons why gender wage gap is still there in Spain. The results are indicative that there is a strong self-selection into the labour market. There is a negative correlation between the gender employment gap and gender wage gap across countries. The strength of the article is that it uses descriptive statistics for drawing the results. The statistical measures used are the Machado-Mata decomposition methods, the Oaxaca decomposition method, quantile regressions. These statistical analysis methods are noteworthy methods of data analysis as they help in discovering predictable relationships between the variables. The findings of the study are not generalisable as the study is restricted to data from only one countr y that is Spain. The literature used in this article is relevant and have the important relation to this article. The article is successful in supporting arguments put up by literature used in the article regarding the confounding relationship between gender employment gap and gender pay gap. Implications for an essay: The article adds to the understanding of the topic as it highlights the fundamental reasons why gender pay gap is into existence and how this issue can be resolved. The social implications of the gender pay gap are the main highlight of the article, strengthening the argument that a number of reasons coming up from the society are responsible for gender pay gap. The article studied the slow convergence in the gender gap in wages for addressing the gap existing in literature that has given attention to the indicators for women wage inequality. The study paid attention to the most considerable factor that affects trends in gender gap wages, that is changes taking place in the social organisation of work front. The authors carry out a suitable assessment of the existing relationship between drifts in overwork and drifts in the pattern of gender wage gap. The assessment was carried out by using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) data from 1979 to 2009, and it was supplemented by the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) data. The analysis features the graphical description of formal wage trends. The study concluded that though there have been remarkable changes in the education of women and their entry into the labour forces, convergence in the gender gap in wages has not shown much progress. As men have more chances of en gaging in overwork, wages on men are more in comparison to women, exacerbating the gender wage gap. Long work hours are more considered by men than women, and situation of men commonly following the custom of overwork is always implanted in occupational cultures and organisational practices. Critique: The authors argue that the relative prevalence of overwork in managerial and professional occupations can help in understanding the invariable gender gap in wages in such occupations. The article put up a sturdy experimental association between gender pay gaps and developments in overwork as a part of organisation culture. It puts forward the point that as we gradually shift towards valuing long work hours, we pave the path for wage inequality. The MORG analytic sample of the study has a limitation of including civilian workers whose age is between 18 and 64 years. Self-employed workers were excluded from the study, also adding to the limitation. It is very important to have suitable inclusion and exclusion criteria in any research. The article has clear graphical representations of data, adding to the suitability. The findings are generalisable as data has been gathered from a large and varied section of the populations. The article is successful in presenting other resear ch. The literature used is aligned with the overall argument of the research. The literature review section has encompassed innumerable literary sources, making it a rich review altogether. Implications for the essay: The study has achieved new heights in illustrating how novice methods of organising work load can disseminate previous forms of gender equality. It strengthens the argument that gender wage gap can be diminished if changes are brought in the differences in the amount of time given by men and women to their organisations. The article is significant for the present discussion as it threw light on gender wage gaps, glass ceilings and sticky floors as prevalent in Europe. The authors attempted to gain insight into the gender wage gap that is prevalent in 26 countries of Europe. They considered data to be collected from a varied range of sources to make it a credible research paper. Data was collected from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions. The range of gender wage gap has variation across countries, and this aspect is significant in the process of understanding its intensity on a worldwide basis. Quantile regressions were undertaken in the research. It indicated that the trend in a number of countries is that the wage gap is more at the top and / or at the bottom of the distribution of wages. Cross-country variation in wage gaps was used for a large sample for exploring the impact of policies reconciling family life and work and wage-setting institutions. It was found that ins titutions and policies have a major relation with the gender wage gap in quantitatively significant approach. Critique: The main argument of the article is that the gap being wider at the top of the distribution is referred to as glass ceilings whereas the gap being more at the bottom of the distribution is referred to as sticky floors. The results suggested that larger median/mode gender gap is common. Moreover, glass ceilings are more common for employees who work full-time. This means that females are suffer disadvantage in jobs that are better. These attributes are related to policies of different countries that vary from each other. Evaluation cannot be done individually for each country at one single go. The strength of the study is that it strives to compare data from different countries, making it a valuable study on the research topic of gender wage gap. The limitation of the study is that it is written in a critical manner and a more simple use of terms and flow of writing would have been beneficial. The findings of the study are generalisable as data had been collected from 26 dif ferent countries of Europe. The article is supported by a number of literature that helps in establishing the main inferences from the study. It is in alignment with other literature on this area of research. Implications for the essay: The article helps in understanding whether there is any relation between gender pay gap and patterns of policies and institutions in every country. It supports the idea that future work is needed for considering changes in policies and institutions that have the potential to bring changes in gender gaps with the passage of time. The article provided an overview of the primary factors that contribute to gender pay in Australia, Europe and UK. The rationale for the study was that even after four years of implementing the first equal pay legislation, there is still the issue of gender wage gap in the society as women face such discrimination in the labour market. Moreover, in some countries, the issue is becoming more widespread with each passing year. There is no resistance to stop the growing consequences of gender wage gap in many countries. The research was conducted by reviewing papers addressing the research topic of international perspectives on gender pay gap. The article identified four main themes: legal developments and the impact of such developments, conceptual and theoretical debates, employer demands and wage setting demands and emerging inequalities regarding pay within ethnic and educational groups. The four themes were used for underlining how the trends capture gender wage gap dynamism. The m ain dimensions emerging from the paper were link between bargaining and litigation strategies, interaction between new practices in organisation and institutions that set wages, and lastly, the spectrum of diversity strands that have competition among themselves for getting equal treatment. Critique: The article argues that diversity management together with HR management have made some contribution to notable improvements in closing gender pay gap. The demands for equality in the pay of men and women need to have a proper context. The article also point out that gender pay gaps have a distinctive variation between advanced countries. It further argues that though in some countries the trend has seen a downfall, in other countries the achievement is reversed. The article has the strength of reviewing papers that are recent in publication. A systematic search for the papers had been conducted, making all the included articles to be relevant for the study. The findings are generalisable as papers from all over the world had been included for the review. The research had been undertaken after a thorough literature search. The overall arguments and counter-arguments presented are noteworthy and appreciable. Implications for an essay: The article supports the idea that progress in closing the generated gender wage gap in the coming years would be difficult. It helps in getting a clear picture of what is required for making a collective effort to close the gap and how success can be achieved. It, however, warns that accomplishing victory not be a quick process and more research would be needed in this direction. Critical paragraph: The four research articles highlight the main reasons why gender pay gap is still found in many countries across the globe. While gender pay gap is traditionally low in some countries, it is significantly high in some countries. The widening of the gender pay gap is thought to be a result of expansion if the employment of women in sectors where wages are low (Ludsteck 2014). The articles address this concern to a considerable extent. They bring out the social reasons why such gap exists, implying that changes brought about in these sectors who diminish the rate of the pay gap between the two genders. As opined by Saur and Zoabi (2014) the universal factor accounting for the gap is a lack of impactful reforms and policies and absence of strong institutions. The articles have this fact as the underlying principle in the researches undertaken. All the four articles have succeeded in outlining the need of future research and the domains that need urgent attention if the world is to be ma de free of gender wage gap. The four articles have provided the required information on the research topic and enlightened the readers. References Cha, Y. and Weeden, K.A., 2014. Overwork and the slow convergence in the gender gap in wages.American Sociological Review,79(3), pp.457-484 Christofides, L.N., Polycarpou, A. and Vrachimis, K., 2013. Gender wage gaps,sticky floors and glass ceilings in Europe.Labour Economics,21, pp.86-102. Guner, N., Kaya, E. and Snchez-Marcos, V., 2014. Gender gaps in Spain: policies and outcomes over the last three decades.SERIEs,5(1), pp.61-103. Ludsteck, J., 2014. The impact of segregation and sorting on the gender wage gap: Evidence from German linked longitudinal employer-employee data.Industrial Labor Relations Review,67(2), pp.362-394. OReilly, J., Smith, M., Deakin, S. and Burchell, B., 2015. Equal Pay as a Moving Target: International perspectives on forty-years of addressing the gender pay gap. Cambridge Journal of Economics. 39 (2) pp. 299-317. Saur, P. and Zoabi, H., 2014. International trade, the gender wage gap and female labor force participation.Journal of Development Economics,111, pp.17-33.

The Agony in the Garden by Giovanni Bellini Essay Sample free essay sample

The Agony in the Gardendepicts The Garden of Gethsemane. the event before the apprehension and crucifixion of Jesus. It is important to the Christian faith. because it portrays the fact that the human side of him really wrestled with his destiny. Giovanni Bellini captured the pure torment that Jesus had to travel through prior to his death in his picture from 14 fifty-nine. The picture is different from the typical spiritual pictures from the Renaissance. Most spiritual art were filled with exuberant flora and even the painful minutes were depicted with beauty and grace. However. Bellini. chooses to utilize a blunt background to typify the black fortunes for the adult male and his following. Not merely was Jesus traveling to decease shortly. but the people who followed him would besides lose their leader and inquire how this could go on to person who they thought was unbeatable. The picture depicts Jesus praying fierily to the celestial spheres with an beatific being to remind him that the aureate being is at that place alternatively of Earth. We will write a custom essay sample on The Agony in the Garden by Giovanni Bellini Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He can see heaven and her award in forepart of him. the soldiers coming to collar and violently mistreat him. all while his most devoted adherents are behind him kiping. On the surface. it would look as if he should be ready to travel on to his celestial place. but in truth. he is a adult male and is equipped with an inherent aptitude to fear the hurting of decease and crave life. The Agony in the Gardenaccurately portrays the Biblical narrative of the Gospel of Matthew 26: 36-46. Everything on Earth was coming to a crescendo and Jesus was in complete torment. He was so anguished that he sweat blood. Yet Peter. James. and John are shown in composure and peaceable slumber which symbolizes their deficiency of cognition of the things to come while Jesus could see it all. It besides symbolizes people of today’s society. With all of the hurting and agony in the universe along with the desolation that world is bring downing on the planet. it seems that many are asleep and wholly unmindful to the state of affairs as were the adherents of Jesus. Giovanni Bellini was a maestro of the 15th century art. He depicted the hurting of the topics the he displayed in his pictures alternatively of merely the beauty. Life is non all about beauty. Alternatively. it is existent. and Bellini displayed that component in his work. Work Cited Bellini. Giovanni.The Agony in the Garden1459.

Free Essays on Legal Process Paper

Introduction John is an employee in a private sector organization. He wants to file a discrimination complaint against his employer. Based on this scenario, I will prepare a paper discussing the discrimination process. This will include explaining the complaint and the civil litigation process. I will also explain how the complaint begins with the Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and proceeds through the litigation process from the state level up to the United States Supreme Court. This paper will include types of discrimination and a short description of each. Types of Discrimination There are several types of discrimination which include the following: Age, Disability, Equal Pay, National Origin, Pregnancy, Race, Religion, Sex, and Sexual Harassment. The first type of discrimination that I will describe is Age. Age discrimination protects people who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. The ADEA’s protects both the employee and the applicants. Under this law it would apply to employers who have 20 or more employees. The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits private employers from discriminating against qualified individuals. An individual with a disability is a person who: has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; has a record of such impairment; or is regarded as has having such impairment. The Equal Pay Act is the act that requires men and women be given equal pay for equal work in the same company. The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. National origin discrimination has a meaning of treating someone less favorably because he or she comes from a different place. National origin also means treating someone different because they are related to or associated with another person from a different nationality. Process Paper 3 The next protected classification is the Pregnan... Free Essays on Legal Process Paper Free Essays on Legal Process Paper Introduction John is an employee in a private sector organization. He wants to file a discrimination complaint against his employer. Based on this scenario, I will prepare a paper discussing the discrimination process. This will include explaining the complaint and the civil litigation process. I will also explain how the complaint begins with the Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and proceeds through the litigation process from the state level up to the United States Supreme Court. This paper will include types of discrimination and a short description of each. Types of Discrimination There are several types of discrimination which include the following: Age, Disability, Equal Pay, National Origin, Pregnancy, Race, Religion, Sex, and Sexual Harassment. The first type of discrimination that I will describe is Age. Age discrimination protects people who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. The ADEA’s protects both the employee and the applicants. Under this law it would apply to employers who have 20 or more employees. The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits private employers from discriminating against qualified individuals. An individual with a disability is a person who: has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; has a record of such impairment; or is regarded as has having such impairment. The Equal Pay Act is the act that requires men and women be given equal pay for equal work in the same company. The jobs need not be identical, but they must be substantially equal. National origin discrimination has a meaning of treating someone less favorably because he or she comes from a different place. National origin also means treating someone different because they are related to or associated with another person from a different nationality. Process Paper 3 The next protected classification is the Pregnan...

Functional Math Skills That Support Independence

Functional Math Skills That Support Independence Functional math skills are those skills that students need to live independently in the community, care for themselves, and make choices about their lives. Functional skills make it possible for students with disabilities to make choices about where they will live, how they will make money, what they will do with money, and what they will do with their spare time. To do these things, they need to be able to count money, tell time, read a bus schedule, follow directions at work, and know-how to check and balance a bank account. Functional Math Skills Before students can understand numbers and numeration, they have to understand one-to-one correspondence. As they count, they need to be able to match each item or items to a corresponding number and understand that the number represents a matching or a corresponding number of items. One-to-one correspondence will also be helpful in such household tasks as setting the table and matching socks. Other functional skills include: Number recognition: This includes recognizing and being able to write the 10 digits, and then recognizing place value: ones, tens, and hundreds.Skip counting: Skip counting by 5s and 10s to 100 is important for understanding time (such as five-minute increments on an analog clock) and money. Teachers can use a hundreds chart or on a number line to demonstrate skip counting.Operations: Its vital for students to have a grasp of addition and subtraction. At a later point, if your students have an understanding of these two operations, it may be possible to introduce multiplication and division. Students with special needs may not be able to develop the ability to do the math operations themselves independently, but they can learn how the operations are used in order to use a calculator to do calculations, like balancing a bank statement or paying bills. Time Time as a functional skill involves both understanding the importance of time- such as not staying up all night or not missing appointments because they dont leave enough time to get ready- and telling time on analog and digital clocks to get to school, work, or even the bus on time. Understanding time requires comprehending that seconds are fast, minutes almost as fast, and hours much longer. Students with disabilities, especially significant cognitive or developmental disabilities, may have behavioral outbursts because they are stuck on preferred activities, and dont realize they will miss lunch. For them, building an understanding of time may involve a visual clock, like a Time Timer, or a picture schedule. These tools help give students a sense of control over their schedule and an understanding of what happens and when during their school or even home day. Parents may also benefit from having visual schedules at home. For children with autism spectrum disorders, it can help avoid long periods of self-stimulatory (stimming) behavior, which may actually undermine progress they are making at school. Teachers can also pair telling time with understanding the concept of time, for example, that 6 a.m. is when you get up and 6 p.m. is when you eat dinner. Once students can tell the time to the hour and half-hour, they can progress to skip counting by fives and telling time to the nearest five-minute interval. A geared clock, such as a Judy clock- where the hour hand moves when the minute hand goes around- helps students understand that both hands move together. Money Money, as a functional math skill, has several levels of skill: Recognizing money: pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters.Counting money: first in single denominations and later mixed coinsUnderstand the value of money: budgets, wages, and paying bills Measurement Learning measurement for students with special needs should involve length and volume. A student should be able to use a ruler and even perhaps a tape measure for length and recognize inches, half and quarter inches, as well as feet or yards. If a student has an aptitude for carpentry or graphic arts, the ability to measure length or size will be helpful. Students should also learn volume measurements, such as cups, quarts, and gallons. This skill is useful for filling tubs, cooking, and following directions. When cooking is part of a functional curriculum, a knowledge of measures of volume will be helpful. Students should be able to choose what they will cook, and find and read recipes. Familiarity with measuring volume will help students who want to pursue work in culinary arts, such as a kitchen assistant.

Cost and Quality Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cost and Quality Analysis - Essay Example The two are intimately related. However, Brent (1989) explains that there is a certain quality of the health care can lead to lower costs. This is because of the failure of the process to bring a series of high costs. The unit output of the healthcare services is scrapped while the resources used in the production are wasted. In order to recover the scrapped units, additional resources have to be reallocated to the appropriate deficiency. These allocations involve those aimed at replacing the customer who is lost due dissatisfaction in the organization. The organization may also be liable for the additional warranty cost and other damages traced to the failure. Brent (1989) explains that, the lower quality will eventually result to higher costs for the organization. The additional costs arise due to the liability of the process failure caused by the low quality of the services offered to the customer. This situation is termed as Quality waste, which is a representation of the consump tion of resources for repairing the output unit that fails to meet the expectations of the customers. The waste is traced through identification scrap and rework. This is a way of managing and eliminating quality wastage from within the organization aimed to improve the quality of the services. ... Their aim is to focus on the evaluation of the quality of healthcare provided in the hospitals. Buttell, Hendler and Daley (2007), the government has actively engaged in the pursuit of establishing accreditation standards. The other initiative that they are taking is to develop a board recertification to physicians and health care organizations. This is in order to focus on their reporting of the public performance information. These organizations and physicians are to be licensed via multispecialty group practices. An independent agency is established with the roles and responsibilities to review the effectiveness via the public and private partnership. This is aimed at establishing guidelines with standards for the provision of better health care services. Through these agencies, parameters are set about the care that is anticipated to all customers. These parameters include access to medical records, reasonable waiting duration and regularity source of care. The agencies are also focusing on establishing a performance standards aimed at gauging the meeting of the standards. This is in order to regulate the performance of the medical services quality provided to the customers. The agencies are also aimed at separating the generation of the evidence of the translation of the guideline and the anticipated standard. There are initiatives that are focused at improving the quality of services and at the same time incorporating costs control. By the nature of the health care being a process that comprises of series. In order to effect the operations of an institution that provides health care services, the organization should seek to establish

Kleptomania Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Kleptomania - Research Paper Example There is recent surge in the research pertaining to kleptomania that has led to some understanding of the clinical presentation, pathophysiology and management of the condition; the details of which will be elaborated in this essay. Kleptomaniacs do not usually consult physicians on their own. They are either brought to the medical attention either by their parents and well-wishers, employers, teachers or school counselors. Despite distress because of stealing, majority of kleptomanias do not report about their shoplifting habit to their physicians (Grant and Kim, 2002). One of the reasons could be fear of exposure of theft and subsequent legal consequences. Reluctance to expose their habit, shame on activities of oneself and lack of clinicians familiarity with the condition prevent kleptomania from being recognized and diagnosed (Grant and Kim, 2002). According to the Diagnostic Statistical Manual- IV-TR (Grant and Odlaug, 2008), diagnosis of kleptomania is established when a person exhibits â€Å"1) recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or for their monetary value, 2) increasing sense of tension immediately before committing the theft, 3) pleasure, gratifi cation, or relief at the time of committing the theft, 4) the stealing is not committed to express anger or vengeance and is not in response to a delusion or a hallucination and 5) the stealing is not better accounted for by conduct disorder, a manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder" (Grant and Odlaug, 2008). Kleptomaniacs frequently steal items that are unnecessary for them. Infact, many stolen items are either given away to others or stolen or even returned. Kleptomaniacs are frequently referred to as bad people without realizing that it is the illness that is causing the urge for them to steal. It is however, difficult to draw a distinction between maladaptive behavior

A Taste of Honey Essay Example for Free

A Taste of Honey Essay Act two, scene one is an important part of the play because Jo is near the end of her pregnancy and Helen comes back to visit her but only because Geoff had asked her too. Previously in the play Helen had married Peter and had gone to live with him, Jo got engaged to a black boy in the Navy, she became pregnant but he didnt come back after going away with the Navy. Jo didnt have a very good relationship with her mother and they had moved about a lot as Helen ran every time she couldnt pay the rent. Jo met Geoff who is a homosexual. He hasnt had sexual relations with a man but he knows he is gay because he has had liaisons with other men. Jo has left school and was going to work in a pub part-time. The play is A Taste of Honey and I am doing part of Act two scene one where Jo, Helen and Geoff are the main characters. This play is mainly set in Jo and Helens flat where the time is around the 1950s. Helen and Jo werent very well off so the flat is in a poor condition. It is dirty and there is a lot of dust. The house looks like it is uncared for because clothes are on the floor and the bed isnt made. It is a comfortless flat. If I was in the audience I would see the settee in the middle of the flat with Geoffs bedding on it, to the left of the stage would be Jos unmade bed it might have some clothes lying untidily on top of it. To the right I would see the kitchen, the sink full of dirty plates and cups, and there would be lots of things scattered about the kitchen sides. In this section of the play the characters use actions in different ways to portray their emotions and feelings. For example: at the beginning of this section Geoff says Let me kiss you this lets us know that Geoff likes Jo as more then a friend unfortunately she does not feel the same way. This is shown when she struggles as Geoff forces himself on her. Another show of Geoffs feelings towards Jo are when he asks her to marry him, Jo just dismisses the idea and tells Geoff Im not marrying anybody. When Helen arrives she tries to be motherly towards Jo but Jo doesnt really want to know as Helen hasnt really been there for her whilst she has been growing up. I dont think she understands why Helen suddenly wants to be a proper mother so Jo starts an argument by saying what blew you in as soon as Helen comes in to the room. But Helen still tries to by friendly by asking about Geoff, she also tries to change the subject at that point when Jo asks her how she came to know about her pregnancy she replies Come on, arent you going to introduce me to your boy friend? Who is he?. I think at that point Helen hadnt come to argue with Jo and had come to see if she was alright. When Jo and Helen are angry they both speak their mind and tend to shout when arguing. Jo talks in a steady voice and when speaking to Geoff she talks in a soft voice but her voice is stern when she is speaking to Helen as I feel she is resentful towards her. Helen talks to Jo as if she regrets having her and wishes shed aborted her like all the others, in this scene though Helen starts off friendly but finishes by chasing Jo around the room trying to hit her. Geoff is the calm one; he doesnt stand up for himself much but tries to protect Jo. When Geoff is told to do something he does it without complaining. This play is important to theatre history, as it was the first play ever seen about real life and the problems that came with it like poverty, racism, teenage pregnancies and homophobia. This play had them all in. At the time this play was written Britain was just recovering from shortages and rationing, the rationing ended in 1952. Housing was scarce so many people had to live in flats even if they could afford better and bomb sites were still derelict. Shelagh Delaney was the author of this play and she was 19 years old when she wrote it. It was written in 1956 and censorship from the stage was removed in 1963. A Taste of Honey is what you would call a kitchen-sink drama because it is based on real life, problems, poverty and the working class.

Microsoft Analysis Essays -- essays research papers

Microsoft Analysis Introduction and Summary of Company History and Background Information Microsoft over the past 27 years has positioned itself as the arterial system of almost all computers rolled into use across the world. Albeit with no competition worth the name to challenge its existence leave alone on technology advancements, the company has still managed to keep pace with both felt and perceived needs of its customers and its niche remains robust thus far. Nevertheless disturbing winds have begun to blow. Its corporate governance is under the microscope and the world is watching as to how Microsoft is bracing itself for the challenges posed both by competition (however innocuous it may be at present) and technology proliferation. Let us look at Microsoft ¡Ã‚ ¦s expansion plans and initiatives to integrate them to its existing competencies -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Microsoft ¡Ã‚ ¦s role according to Mr. Gates himself is to provide a software platform that allows everyone who is building applications to build far more powerful applications. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MOM (Microsoft Operations Manager) 2005, which is a key management software and Virtual Server product as part of simplification of the IT lifecycle have been launched recently -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In hardware domain the company has had the benefit of exponential improvement in recent decades. During the first half of next year, the company is expected to have a very smooth transition from 32-bit to 64-bit systems, with total binary compatibility. This will provide the ability to mix 32-bit and 64-bit; a simple recompilation for any application using the full 64-bit address base. That is a wonderful milestone no longer requiring people to buy expensive systems simply to achieve the best possible performance. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New graphics chips for better visualization; larger screens, moving up to 17-inch, 19-inch or multi PAL type LCD displays; and RFID for tagging information and having them available to track is on the agenda too. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Software developments in photography, web searches and music, and advances in gaming applications are on the anvil -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Web-service protocols for connecting applications  ¡V Exchange and XML data are already in the pipeline. All this of course does not guarantee soun... ...ation and innovation leading to altogether new role and share in the market. This has a telescopic effect on gross market share rather than on limited niche share In the context of Microsoft all the above possible strategies have been discussed. No doubt the company still enjoys pre-eminent position in its niche market. In the foreseeable future no major threat is perceived to this position. But the fact is its niche market of today is threatening to lapse into dilution and redundancy due to rapid overshadowing by Internet and Wireless devices and applications. This is not of course going to make the company obsolete by any stretch of imagination. However there are perceptible warning signals, which the company will do well to recognize, invest in right research and innovation and sustain its leading edge in spite of the market dynamics and increasing competition. The focus areas have to be in tune with evolving technologies and applications. As marketing by definition is to identify customer needs and to satisfy them, the company cannot always hope to thrust its products and applications on the customers. Microsoft has the resources to do it. It should be willing to just do it Microsoft Analysis Essays -- essays research papers Microsoft Analysis Introduction and Summary of Company History and Background Information Microsoft over the past 27 years has positioned itself as the arterial system of almost all computers rolled into use across the world. Albeit with no competition worth the name to challenge its existence leave alone on technology advancements, the company has still managed to keep pace with both felt and perceived needs of its customers and its niche remains robust thus far. Nevertheless disturbing winds have begun to blow. Its corporate governance is under the microscope and the world is watching as to how Microsoft is bracing itself for the challenges posed both by competition (however innocuous it may be at present) and technology proliferation. Let us look at Microsoft ¡Ã‚ ¦s expansion plans and initiatives to integrate them to its existing competencies -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Microsoft ¡Ã‚ ¦s role according to Mr. Gates himself is to provide a software platform that allows everyone who is building applications to build far more powerful applications. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MOM (Microsoft Operations Manager) 2005, which is a key management software and Virtual Server product as part of simplification of the IT lifecycle have been launched recently -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In hardware domain the company has had the benefit of exponential improvement in recent decades. During the first half of next year, the company is expected to have a very smooth transition from 32-bit to 64-bit systems, with total binary compatibility. This will provide the ability to mix 32-bit and 64-bit; a simple recompilation for any application using the full 64-bit address base. That is a wonderful milestone no longer requiring people to buy expensive systems simply to achieve the best possible performance. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New graphics chips for better visualization; larger screens, moving up to 17-inch, 19-inch or multi PAL type LCD displays; and RFID for tagging information and having them available to track is on the agenda too. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Software developments in photography, web searches and music, and advances in gaming applications are on the anvil -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Web-service protocols for connecting applications  ¡V Exchange and XML data are already in the pipeline. All this of course does not guarantee soun... ...ation and innovation leading to altogether new role and share in the market. This has a telescopic effect on gross market share rather than on limited niche share In the context of Microsoft all the above possible strategies have been discussed. No doubt the company still enjoys pre-eminent position in its niche market. In the foreseeable future no major threat is perceived to this position. But the fact is its niche market of today is threatening to lapse into dilution and redundancy due to rapid overshadowing by Internet and Wireless devices and applications. This is not of course going to make the company obsolete by any stretch of imagination. However there are perceptible warning signals, which the company will do well to recognize, invest in right research and innovation and sustain its leading edge in spite of the market dynamics and increasing competition. The focus areas have to be in tune with evolving technologies and applications. As marketing by definition is to identify customer needs and to satisfy them, the company cannot always hope to thrust its products and applications on the customers. Microsoft has the resources to do it. It should be willing to just do it

Cause and Effect Essay Essay

In Act Four Scene One Friar Lawrence explains the plan to Juliet, â€Å" Take thou this vial, being then in bed, And this distilled liquor drink thou off, When presently through all thy veins shall run A cold and drowsy humor, for no pulse Shall keep his native progress, but surcease. No warmth, no breath shall testify thou livest. The roses in thy lips and cheeks shall fade To paly ashes, thy eyes’ windows fall Like death when he shuts up the day of life. Each part, deprived of supple government, Shall, stiff and stark and cold, appear like death. And in this borrowed likeness of shrunk death Thou shalt continue two and forty hours,And then awake as from a pleasant sleep. Now, when the bridegroom in the morning comes To rouse thee from thy bed, there art thou dead. Then, as the manner of our country is, In thy best robes uncovered on the bier Thou shalt be borne to that same ancient vault Where all the kindred of the Capulets lie. In the meantime, against thou shalt awake, Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift,And hither shall he come, and he and I Will watch thy waking, and that very night Shall Romeo bear thee hence to Mantua. In Act Four Scene One Friar Lawrence explains the plan to Juliet, â€Å" Take thou this vial, being then in bed, And this distilled liquor drink thou off, When presently through all thy veins shall run A cold and drowsy humor, for no pulse Shall keep his native progress, but surcease. No warmth, no breath shall testify thou livest. The roses in thy lips and cheeks shall fade To paly ashes, thy eyes’ windows fall Like death when he shuts up the day of life. Each part, deprived of supple government, Shall, stiff and stark and cold, appear like death. And in this borrowed likeness of shrunk death Thou shalt continue two and forty hours,And then awake as from a pleasant sleep. Now, when the bridegroom in the morning comes To rouse thee from thy bed, there art thou dead. Then, as the manner of our country is, In thy best robes uncovered on the bier Thou shalt be borne to that same ancient vault Where all the kindred of the Capulets lie. In the meantime, against thou shalt awake, Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift,And hither shall he come, and he and I Will watch thy waking, and that very night Shall Romeo bear thee hence to Mantua. †

Aboriginals: the Mistreated Minorites of Canada

Aboriginal people are very passionate about their culture and traditions and believe that they are an important part of Canada’s past. Although their customs shaped Canada into a great nation, they are slowly fading into the background while competing with the French and English cultures. â€Å"Such an understanding gives no consideration to the presence and role of Aboriginal groups throughout history. † First Nation’s people do not receive a just amount of respect and equality in terms of their rights for land and freedom. Over the past century there have been several brutal protests that promote a negative, violent appearance towards all Aboriginals. In order to advance within society and claim land that is rightfully theirs, Natives have had to resort to planning court dates, forming petitions and writing threatening letters to the government. The Canadian government found ways to deceive the Aboriginals and get through loopholes to avoid granting reasonable wishes and staying true to their agreement. It is obvious that this Aboriginal versus government battle has been going on for far too long and it is an unfair challenge to the virtually helpless group of minorities. Throughout Canadian history Aboriginals have been judged for the way that they try to get recognition within society. Many citizens feel as if the Natives of Canada are violent and do not know how to control their actions. What people fail to see is that these bands are just mirroring the way they are being treated. Aboriginal groups have objected to uses of the environment by non-Aboriginal groups. † One of the most publicized protests in Aboriginal-government relations was the Oka crisis in 1990. The Mohawks of Quebec erected roadblocks to stop the construction of a golf course on disputed land, barricaded pathways to halt the movement of government vehicles, and got physical with some of the officers on patrol. After an 11 week stand-off the protestors were arrested and the Aboriginals could not retaliate. Finally, after 56 years of land disputation an agreement-in-principle was signed returning the land to the band. The government promised that the Aboriginals would receive land that was rightfully theirs and would not be disrupted again. This battle between the government and Aboriginals gives the impression that violent and inhumane behaviour is only coming from the Aboriginals, however the media fails to show the government retaliation. It is unjust to blame all of the violence on the Natives because both parties added problems to the situation. One of the first land claim agreements that acted as a stepping stone for other land claims that followed was the James Bay Treaty. Due to the fact that â€Å"the deal was controversial from the start† there were many signatories to make the treaty official. The agreement was shaped by Hydro-Quebec who wanted to ensure that they would make a profit from the Aboriginal people’s land. This land claim was negotiated under a great deal of pressure with numerous court days and lawyers present at every meeting between the groups. The Natives often thought that they were being taken advantage of and that they should not have to give up any of their land at all. â€Å"The Natives wrote letters to the Department of National Defence, organized joint actions with rural peoples and Aboriginal groups in the U. S. and Europe, met with European government representatives, held news conferences, and participated in demonstrations. † In order to join the community together, and peacefully riot against the government’s decisions, many petitions were signed by both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal members within society. The negotiation ended after about a year due to the pressure from the Cree and Inuit to receive a just amount of benefits. In the end the Aboriginals received great care and all that was promised after the negotiation but felt as if they should not have had to work so hard to get what they deserved. Legal action had to be taken in order for the Natives to voice their opinions about their land. The Canadian government has always found loopholes and ways around subjects that they do not want to deal with or talk about. When they were approached by the Nisga’a way back in 1890 they brushed them off and told them that as long as they did not get in the way of development, their communities would go unharmed. â€Å"Aboriginal people maintained only certain hunting and trapping rights on the land. † The people of this group wanted to have a self-governed community and felt that they should have the authority to make decisions that would better their standards of living. Their first attempt at approaching the provincial government in 1927 was declined due to the fact that a law was in place prohibiting Indians to advance land claims. Finally in 1973 the Canadian government overruled the laws that were set and began to negotiate with the First Nation’s people in 1976. â€Å"Aboriginal peoples argued that their right to self-government existed because their societies historically had been organized and self-ruling. † The Aboriginals were given the freedom that they wanted and were granted permission for a self-governed community however many restrictions and by-laws were put in place to keep these people under control. The Nisga’a people are now living happily while still trying to work out some quirks on balancing the provincial and federal regulations with those of the self-government. The Aboriginal people of Canada have undergone a great deal of mistreatment from the government over the past century and it should not have to continue. Although rules have been made to ensure that this group of minorities receives proper treatment from society, many are faced with the challenge of racism and segregation from the rest of Canadians. Canada is considered a bilingual country with both French and English as its official languages. Maybe it is time that this country realizes that it was built by another culture too. Aboriginal awareness is not a subject that is touched upon in school and it would be very helpful if the government paid respect to the First Nations people. Aboriginals are equal and deserve the same respect and attention that the rest of Canada receives from the government on a day to day basis.

Medical Billing Essays

Medical Billing Essays Medical Billing Paper Medical Billing Paper Medical billing process transpires between an insurance company and a healthcare provider. Basically, in order for healthcare providers to obtain payment and be indemnified for the services they provided, they necessarily submit and follow up medial billing claim to the insurance companies. The imbursement of a claim is based on a precise amount previously agreed by the insurance company and healthcare provider. Initially, the insurance company will verify the authenticity of the medical billing claim that was presented for payment. If for what ever reason the medical billing claim did not meet the insurance company’s standards, then the billing will be rejected and the claim will be consequently denied. Several people do not understand that the procedure of filing medical billing claims is very strenuous, energy-draining and time consuming for the healthcare providers. In addition, it takes 60 to120 days to collect the claims’ imbursements (American Business Systems). Unfortunately, as a result over 30 percent of these claims are continually being rejected. However, healthcare providers have two fundamental alternatives to avoid or at least reduce the rejection of claims; by hiring at least one dependable staff, or by hiring reliable independent medical verifiers. The additional staffs are assigned in filing the time-consuming and labor intensive medical billing claims. If the medical billing claim is rejected, the staffs are then duty bound to find out what caused the rejection, solve it, and re-submit the claim. On the other hand, with the same responsibilities, medical verifiers present a useful outsourcing alternative for the healthcare providers. Unlike most healthcare providers, these verifiers generally use their computers to make more efficient the medical billing process. Nevertheless, to eliminate or at least reduce the number of rejected claims, these appointed assistants must carefully complete the required claim forms, by carefully searching out the correct codes placed in the medical problem and treatment of the insured; make sure that significant terms are not misused; and must be aware on what services are covered and who are eligible for the medical coverage. Every minute detail on the paperwork must therefore be filled out carefully and correctly. Reference American Business Systems. (n. d. ). How American Business Systems’ state-of-the-art, Real-time Electronic Medical Billing solves billing challenges for doctors†¦and lets you build a stable, high-profit business. Retrieved February 13, 2009, from absystems. com/real-time-electronic-medical-

Down Syndrome Characteristics

Down Syndrome Characteristics Down Syndrome is named after John Langdon Down, an English Physician who first described the set of characteristics that have long been associated with the genetic abnormality. The chromosomal aberration is an additional full or partial copy of the 21st chromosome which causes a change in the developmental arch of the organism (child) and therefore the developmental differences.   There is no definite cause for the presence of Down Syndrome than the random presence of this mutation.   There is a higher incidence of Down Syndrome births to mothers as their age increases, but there is no familial or genetic component. Physical Traits Short stature:   Often a child can be diagnosed based on the ratio of length and width of the bones in the finger.   Adult males average a height of five foot one inch and adult females average four foot eight inches.    The stature issue is also reflected in difficulty with balance, short, broad fingers and hands and later motor.    A Flat Nasal Ridge: a flattening of the face and large tongue often contribute to sleep apnea.    Wide Spread Feet:   Students with Down Syndrome usually have an extra large space between their big and second toes.    This creates some challenges for coordination and mobility.    Neurological Traits Intellectual deficits:   Children with Down Syndrome have mild (IQ or Intelligence Quotient of 50 to 70) or moderate (IQ of 30 to 50) intellectual disabilities, although a few have severe intellectual disabilities with an IQ from 20 to 35.    Language:   Children with Down Syndrome often have stronger receptive (understanding, comprehension) language than expressive language.   In part, it is because the facial differences (flat nose ridge and a thick tongue, often attached to the bottom of the mouth and requiring a simple surgery).    Children with Down Syndrome are capable of making intelligible language, but require speech-language therapy and lots of patience in order to master articulation.    Their physical differences create articulation challenges, but children with Down Syndrome are often anxious to please and will work hard to create clear conversation. Social Traits Unlike other disabilities such as Autism Spectrum Disorders which create difficulties with social skills and attachment, children with Down Syndrome are often enthusiastic to engage other people and are very social.   This is a reason that inclusion is a valuable part of a child with Down Syndromes educational career. Students with Down Syndrome are often very affectionate, and may benefit from social training that includes helping students identify socially appropriate and inappropriate interactions. Motor and Health Challenges Weak gross motor skills and a tendency of parents to isolate their children may lead to long-term health problems, including obesity and a lack of aerobic and gross motor skills.   Students with Downs Syndrome will benefit from physical education programs that encourage aerobic activity.   As children with Down Syndrome age, they will have health challenges related to their physical difference.   They are prone to arthritis due to the skeletal stresses related to their short stature and their low muscular tone. They often do not get enough aerobic education and can often suffer from heart disease.   Co-Morbidity Often students with disabilities will have more than a single (primary) disabling condition.   When this occurs, it is referred to as Co-Morbidity.   Although some sort of co-morbidity is common in all disabilities, some disabilities are more likely to have co-morbid pairs.   With Down Syndrome, it can include schizophrenia, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Being attentive to the symptoms is essential to providing the best sort of educational support.

Free Market Vs Regulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Free Market Vs Regulation - Essay Example Government Role in Infrastructure: Infrastructure is a very vital cog of any country, and hence takes a supremely significant position in the government’s perception. Now, Rostow, who was a specialist in this field has made note and brought to light the fact that the inability of the governments to create infrastructure was one of the major road blocks that were faced during the process of modernization in Europe during the 19th century. In his argument, he says that the â€Å"creation of preconditions for take-off was largely a matter of building social overhead capital†. This comes in line with the generally accepted argument that the cost of infrastructure or the social overhead capital compliments the industrial production process as this facilitates the transfer of goods, which leads to the creation of mobilization of markets on a national and international level. Haber, another esteemed expert in this field, has further developed the importance of infrastructural support in his arguments based on the case study of Mexico. (Bracking, 2009) Here, he offers the opinion that Mexico was unable to solve the problem of surplus capacity which it was facing in the 1980s by exporting goods to different countries around the world. All of this, he attributes to the lack of infrastructural support that was present in the country at that point in time. He cites Avisador Comercial de Havana which attributes this problem related to the exorbitant costs of transportation: â€Å"How, then, can goods be shipped to the coastline at a beneficial value? How can they [Mexican manufacturers] compete in foreign markets†¦if within their own borders they have incredibly high freight rates?† (Geoffrey, 2002) In recent times, economic analysts have argued that the major difference between the growth differentials of different countries is infrastructure as highlighted by the case on India and China. Due to the importance infrastructure plays in the workings of a country and its non-excludable and unrivalled nature has further substantiated the claim for the need of governmental intervention to facilitate and hasten industrial growth in the country. On face value, one can see that this notion is somewhat not contestable in nature in that not many can refute the claim that has been put forward; however, some economists have also offered the notion of a private sector backed infrastructural growth. This notion certainly has immense promise in theory as this would basically remove the role of the government from this entire workup and would subsequently move the entire mechanisms onto a free market which would be highly appreciated in light of the concept at hand. However, that certainly does not appear to be a distinct possibility at the current point in time which is why infrastructural support has been ascribed to governments to this day and age. (Kiely, 2007) The rationale behind this is suggestions like the one offered are more likely to fail in the developing countries as private sector led infrastructural growth needs immensely advanced institutional or technological support in order to create and sustain excludable and rivaling properties.

Does 'free trade' advance or retard development in poor countries Essay

Does 'free trade' advance or retard development in poor countries - Essay Example The following paper evaluates the effectiveness of the free trade policies as far as the betterment of the poor nations is concerned. It analyses the arguments in favor and against of free trade with references of the development of the developing nations or the poor trading partner in the equation. Free trade has become one of the debated topics around the economic world. The terminologies of globalization, free trade, liberalization, socialization are also discussed in this paradigm. Before the actual argument can be established, it is imperative to understand the different terms and concepts that can have an impact on the argument itself. As the name suggests, globalisation refers to strengthening relationship between organisations, governments and individuals across geographical horizons. The term is generally used to regard economic globalisation. Economic globalisation can be explained as: increasing economic activities across the globe, through distribution of products or services by reducing international trade barriers. International trade barriers are placed by countries for various reasons. Some strong reasons could be to stipulate the use of local products, not compromising taxes, fear of rise in un-employments, pressure in maintaining budgets and dilution of long held customs and culture. Trade barriers can be tariff, import quotas, exchange rates, conflicting cultures and export fees etc. A dramatic increase in the process has been witnessed in the last decade. Technology has reduced the communication gaps between geographies. Travelling across national borders has been made easier and as a result doing business internationally has lesser complications in the modern age. The introduction and implementation of International Accounting Standards (IAS’s) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS’s) has made comparisons between organisations appropriate. Comparable and understandable flow of

Four Season Hotel in Guangzhou Thesis Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Four Season Hotel in Guangzhou - Thesis Proposal Example This list should be alphabetized and stapled to the back of the proposal form. (You should not attach copies of the publications). Â  The Research Context/background: In this research study, the main focus is on the hidden rationales that affect the service quality and customer loyalty and their relation. This research would try to explain the theory of service quality and customer loyalty. Â  The significance of Study: The aim of this research is to study the relationship between service quality and customer’s loyalty. This is key to increase the loyalty of customers. Service quality and customer loyalty are directly proportional to each other. The greater the quality of service, greater would be the loyalty of the customer to the brand. Â  Theoretical Framework: Service Quality and Loyalty of Customer are key variables of this study. This study envisages identifying the role of service quality in formulating a strategy to attain customer’s loyalty. Â  In the past, many similar research studies have been conducted in hotel and hospitality industry. These studies also tried to unearth the hidden rationales behind the service quality. No study specific to food and beverages department of Four Seasons Hotel, Guangzhou, China has yet been conducted. So, this research study is different than other research studies in many aspects. This study would shed light on the working of an American hotel chain in a highly competitive market like China. Following are some main points derived from a literature review of similar research studies.

A Survey on Mobile Users Data Privacy Threats

A Survey on Mobile Users Data Privacy Threats ABC EFG1 , ABC EFG2* and ABC EFG3 4. Security Challenges for Mobile Devices Mobile device applications offer a level of convenience that the world has never think before it. Everywhere (home. Office, hotel, playground, road, parking, picture palace, travelling in different countries or each place of world) any mobile user can use applications to fulfil their daily needs like communicate, buy, search, payment, sell, entertainment, find general information of their use. This extreme level of comfort has brought with it an extreme number of security risks. Below describing some mobile device challenges, how the vulnerabilities and attackers reducing mobile applications freedom. 4.1 Insecure Data Storage It can result in data loss for a user, after losing mobile devices an application is improperly secured and all user at risk. Some common piece of data store at high risk like personal information (Name, Address, Date of Birth, Banking information, Family information, Family picture, Social networking address, email address) ,working information (company name, working position, related some application, company contact numbers and official documents if any available). 4.2Physical Security Physical security of any mobile devices is too difficult, but when mobile users are constantly using mobile devices, which is in always for 24x7x365 and user lose his mobile device then the task becomes seemingly impossible. Intentionally physical security is most concern for risk free mobile devices. If a person lost and misplaced or theft their mobile devices so it may be misuse users sensitive data, personnel information, email correspondence , any unsecured documents, address books, business data and files by the thief . 4.3 Mobile Browsing Mobile browsing is the best feature for any mobile devices for providing best use of internet application but mostly in mobile devices user cannot see the whole URL or web address, least verify whether the web address or URL safe or not and user reach (browse) their way into a phishing related attack. 4.4 Multiple User Logging Due to progressive growth of social media Single sign-on (SSO) in the mobile application ecosystem it is estimated 60% of mobile application insecure by using same login to multiple social networking application. Hackers who got login credentials for website or apps twitter , Facebook can possibly gain access to users profile page. Outmost use of social media single sign-on (SSO) is actually to facilitate social interaction at same time the developer also gain access to some of social information related to sign in user. 4.5Client Side Injection The execution of malicious programs on the mobile devices over the internet medium by application or web browsing client side injection occurs. Html injection ,SQL injection or other newer attack(abusing phone dialer, SMS ) comes in the client side injection. Hackers could load text based attack and exploit targeted examiner. In this way any source of data can be injected including resource targeted files or application 4.6 Application Isolation Mobile application is just about everything from transaction, business ,personnel and social networking. Before installing any application in your mobile devices clearly see the permission agreement, privacy and how to access your device with that application. It might be any application theft user sensitive data ,financial data, business data ,personnel data and other valuable file. 4.7 Mobile Device Coding Issues In an application development it always happen some honest mistakes, unintentionally creating security vulnerabilities with poor coding efforts. It also happen for bad implementation of encrypted channels for data transmission or improper password protection. In this way every development process can have some vulnerability in the coding of mobile application or other application. Every developer cannot ignore this but needs to maintain proper coding so mobile application reach high security aspect. 4.8  System Updates In a mobile device everybody wants latest version of application for using efficiently so venders always keen to provide latest update and patches designing to fix security issues for better use of application. But in this process other threats (hackers) mixed bad code with real application and provide to install application. It may affect mobile device but user doesnt know why its happening. It is big drawback and commercial attack to application and venders. 4.9 Serious Threats in New Features For mobile devices, newly added features and updates application are serious risk too. Every venders are making their own application related to their mobile operating system and giving new look, new features. Its comparison among that venders to defeat in the market so making related application and releasing some vulnerabilities for chasing market. So user should enquire first then use newly features so security remain consist in the mobile devices. 4.10 Sensitive Information Disclosure Its trend that mobile user use their mobile in brad area like login credentials, shared secret keys, sensitive business logic , access token, application code etc. it is also possible these information being disclosed to an attacker by different technology. It should be remain consist security in sensitive information disclosure in mobile devices. 4.11 Improper Session Handling For mobile devices, session handling is identified security concern for web application. Improper session handling indications to vulnerabilities that are pretty common in using internet applications over any platform like mobile devices or PCs. Session with long expiry time invite vulnerabilities in any case of using financial work. Poor session management can clues to unauthorized access through session hijacking in mobile devices. 4.12 Security Decisions from untrusted responses For mobile devices, Some operating system like Android and iOS platform, some applications like as Skype may not continuously appeal consent from outside parties, it gives privilege for attackers that may occur in malicious application avoiding security. For this way, applications are vulnerable to data leakages and client-side injection. Always need for supplementary authorization or provide supplementary ladders to launch sensitive applications when supplementary authorization is not promising. 4.13 Weak Authentication and Brute force attack Its often seen many applications today rely on password based authentication, single factor. The owners of application do not enforce for strong password and securing valuable credentials. In that case user expose themselves to host of threats, stolen credentials and automated Brute force attacks (Brute force attack means systematically checking all possible password or keys until find exact one). 5. Mobile Threats and Vulnerabilities This section provides a comprehensive overview of mobile threats and vulnerabilities, cyber criminals have focused their consideration to mobile devices nowadays [1]. Mobile devices are using many useful applications in the internet medium so it’s a prime target for the attackers or hackers to destroy security mechanism and spread threats vulnerabilities. The distance between hacker capabilities and an organizations protection is widening day by day. These tendency underline the need for additional mobile device security awareness, as well as more stringent, better integrated mobile security solutions and policies. 5.1 Mobile Threats Threats and attacks that proved magnificently on personnel computer are now being tested on unsuspecting mobile device user to see what works and with the number of mobile devices with protection increasing, there are adequately of easy targets. Attackers are definitely penetrating after the weakest point in chain and then improving in on the most successful scams. Mobile attacks are basically divided into four categories and listed below- Physical threats Application based threats Network based threats Web based threats Physical Threats Mobile devices are designed (portable) to proper use in the daily lives, and its physical security is an important deliberation [4]. Below describing some physical threats Bluetooth Lost or Stolen Mobile Devices Computing Resources Internet Access Application Based Threats Spyware Malware Vulnerable Application Privacy Threats Network Based Threats Denial of service Attack (DoS) Network Exploits Mobile Network Services Wi-Fi Sniffing Web Based Threats Drive by Downloads Browser Exploits Phishing Scams 5.2 Mobile Vulnerabilities Rootkit Worm Trojan Horse Botnet 6. Solutions and Precautions For Mobile Devices 7. Conclusions and Future Work Acknowledgements The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding of this research through the Research Group Project no. ABCDEFGH. References A Survey on Security for Mobile Devices, La Polla, M. ; Martinelli, F. ; Sgandurra, D. Communications Surveys Tutorials, IEEE ,Volume: 15, Issue: 1,Publication Year: 2013 , Page(s): 446 471 M. Hypponen, â€Å"Malware Goes Mobile,† Scientific American, vol. 295,no. 5, pp. 46–53, 2006. Reviews on Cybercrime Affecting Portable Devices, Seyedmostafa Safavi, Zarina Shukur, Rozilawati Razali, The 4th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics(ICEEI 2013) Mobile Devices Security: A Survey on Mobile Device Threats, Vulnerabilities and their Defensive Mechanism, Shujithra. M, Pasdmavati. G, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887) Volume 56-No.14, October 2012

Guilt and Regret in Gwendolyn Brooks Poem The Mother :: Poetry Analysis

The Mother" Gwendolyn Brooks' poem "The mother" tells us about a mother who had many abortions. The speaker is addressing her children in explain to them why child could not have them. The internal conflict reveals that she regret killing her children or "small pups with a little or with no hair." The speaker tells what she will never do with her children that she killed. She will "never neglect", "beat", "silence", "buy with sweet", " scuffle off ghosts that come", "controlling your luscious sigh/ return for a snack", never hear them "giggled", "planned", and "cried." She also wishes she could see their "marriage", "aches", "stilted", play "games", and "deaths." She regrets even not giving them a "name" and "breaths." The mother knows that her decision will not let her forget by using the phrase "Abortions will not let you forget." The external conflict lets us know that she did not acted alone in her decision making. She mentions "believe that even in my deliberateness I was not deliberate" and "whine that the crime was other than mine." The speaker is saying that her decision to have an abortion was not final yet but someone forced her into having it anyway. The external conflict is that she cannot forget the pain on the day of having the abortions. She mentions the "contracted" and "eased" that she felt having abortions.

The History of Crayola Crayons

For nearly a hundred years children have used crayons to express themselves and their creativity. This is largely due to the brilliant inventors of one American company; Binney & Smith Inc. Edwin Binney and Harold Smith founded Binney & Smith in New York City in the 1800’s; around 1885, Joseph’s son, Edwin Binney, and nephew, C Harold Smith formed the partnership of Binney & Smith. The cousins extended Their company’s product line by including shoe polish and printing ink. The company purchased a stone mill in Eastern PA in 1900, to produce slate pencils for schools.This began the cousins to begin  research into non-toxic and colorful drawing materials for children to use. They’ve already accomplished inventing a new wax crayon used to mark milk crates as well as barrels, however the materials were covered with carbon black which was too toxic for children to use.Despite this concern the cousins were confident the pigment and wax mix they developed could be converted for a variety of safe colors. And, in 1903, a new brand of superior crayons tucked inside a yellow and green box of â€Å"eight† was introduced to the public- Crayola Crayons. (In French â€Å"Crayola† oleaginous means â€Å"oily and crayons â€Å"craie† meansâ€Å"chalk†). Generations later, thanks to its innovation in manufacture and excellent marketing by extending on their success by creating more colors inside bigger yellow and green boxes and changing with the times: In 1962, the color flesh, changed to peach, since everyone’s skin color wasn’t the same as well as a variety of other colors. Because of this adjusting to the changing times Binney & Smith are still king at the market they created decades ago.-Works Cited-Author: Mary Bellis;Inventors, Crayola Crayon History. WWW. inventors. about. com/library/inventors/blcrayon. html

Disadvantages of arranged marriage Essay

DISADVANTAGES OF ARRANGED MARRIAGES.  · The main disadvantage of Arranged marriages in Hinduism (especially in India) is the dowry system. It has been said that the dowry system has been completely eradicated from the social views around the country, but it doesn’t seem like it. The dowry system basically is a situation where the girls family pays enormous amounts on money or gives other expensive things such as gold, cars etc. to the groom’s family, just because they are on the superior side of the relationship.  · Arranged marriages may sometimes raise a hard situation of choosing the right partner. This occurs when there is a lot of pressure on the unwed individual from the family members. This sometimes leads the individual to rethink about arranged marriages. The couple might experience lack of privacy in their relationship due to the family closeness and interference by other relatives. It calls for an awkward situation if the couple is in an argument, and hence the entire family/ families might get involved even if they don’t tend to. Once a couple chosen through arranged system of marriage get married, family future, financial planning and other relative tasks take the first priority. Hence the main feeling of love between the couple ends up being the â€Å"second thing† in the relationship. Even though we discussed in the advantages that the in-laws support the couples during their wedded life, sometimes feelings of ego and jealousy drive the other memebers of the family to sour up the relationship between the couple. This take a huge toll on the couple as they get caught up in the family and in-law dispute. Therefore in some cases it ends up breaking the relationship between two individuals. (Lack of faith). Couples must remember that they have chosen their partners by their will and they don’t need to get carried away by the ill thoughts of the other family members as they have a future to look forward to. Another disadvantage is when the boy’s family turns down a girl just because she mig ht be average in appearance, even though she is decent, respects her elders and knows how to stand along with her future partner in sorts of situations that he or his family might face. An arranged marriage might also result in family feuds if it was a forced one. Either one of the partners might have chosen someone else as their future partner.

Essay on Piece of Art

Essay on Piece of Art Essay on Piece of Art Andrea Healy 2874 Rutgers Pl, Oceanside, CA, 92056 Dear Andrea, Well you’re freshman year is over! Well freshman year is coming to an end it was a good/bad way to start it. I wish I studied harder and took things more seriously I know that I can work harder and I plan to change that ASAP! I was honestly afraid that Biology would kick my butt I was sort of right it was hard and I wish I took 1st semester better. I feared that I would get trash canned because everyone talked about it :/. I feared that I wouldn’t get along with any of my teachers Marching Band is awesome it’s my favorite 1st semester way better than P.E 9A 2nd semester. I wish to do Color Guard and Photography these next couple of years because photography is a main thing I my life and I have a huge passion for it. Color Guard is what my best friend Breanna does and it seems like an amazing opportunity to do it o I decided to try out and I made the team for my sophomore year in 2013-2014. I hope to get up past Algebra 2 because I want to be a succe ss in math because it is the subject I struggle with the most. ` Wow well STUDY, STUDY, and STUDY!!! Don’t procrastinate it bites you in the butt! Remember in freshman year you were crazy over Luis. XD Band camp was the best memory for the start of freshman year because it was fun you met a lot of new people that have made who you are today. Keep in touch with all band/ color guard people. Remember that your math teacher Mr.Wasano was your favorite teacher

Get Dissertation Help

Get Dissertation Help Get Dissertation Help How to Get Dissertation HelpWhen students set to writing a dissertation, they may get lost because this kind of work is practically unknown to them. They may feel helpless because they may not see, for example, the difference between essay and dissertation. While writing a dissertation many problems may arise, such as, for example, inability to manage ones time in a proper way. So in this paper you will find some useful tips on where you can look for dissertation help.Primarily, the first person to address is your supervisor. He or she will assist you during your work on your dissertation, so do not hesitate and ask your tutor when any questions arise. Dissertation help, provided by your supervisor, can include the following:assistance in choosing a topic, which will be interesting for you;planning interim deadlines of the work;creating a plan of work for you to meet the final deadline;monitoring your progress etc.It would be good if you could access the past dissertations, similar to the kind you are asked to write. They can be a useful source of dissertation help, because from them you can learn about the structure, size and methodology used.Your fellow students can provide you with some dissertation help too. They may not know the subject of your dissertation, but discussing your work with them you can evaluate your progress and check if your way of thinking is right. Discussing your dissertation with other students may be of great help too, because due to sharing your ideas with your friends you can assess your progress in comparison with others. And, which is also very important, sharing your thoughts and ideas about your dissertation will make you more confident.The last but, not the least source of dissertation help is internet, of course. In educational sites you will find some useful tips on how to manage your time, plan your work, what methods are preferable considering your topic etc. To sum it up, keep in mind that, though all kinds of dissertatio n help may be very useful, dissertation is an individual kind of work, showing your knowledge, abilities and talents. Of course, in your search for dissertation help keep in mind that there are always limits to any assistance. So try to do your best and make it as independently as possible, than working on your dissertation will surely become an exciting experience of your students life.

The Best Way To Practice ACT Reading

The Best Way To Practice ACT Reading SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips At last, the time has come when you must tackle the ACT Reading. How can you practice for the ACT Reading? Where can you find ACT Reading practice questions? Is it even possible to practice for the Reading section? Read on for the answers to these questions. feature image credit: Insomnia by Lauren Hammond, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original. A Brief Breakdown Of ACT Reading To start off, I’m going to do a quick runthrough of the structure of ACT Reading. Feel free to skip over it to the Important Tips (â„ ¢) (alas, not actually trademarked, unless I can trademark things just by typing the symbol...in which case I just trademarked that). Also, a quick disclaimer: all of this information is for the current ACT. If there are any significant changes, we'll be sure to update this article accordingly. Currently, the ACT Reading section consists of 40 passage-based multiple choice questions (each with four answer choices) which you must answer in 35 minutes. ACT Reading is always the third section of the test, and contains passages in four different content areas: Prose Fiction or Literary Narrative, Social Science, Humanities, and Natural Science. The 40 questions are divided up equally among all the content areas. Historically, there were only four passages on the ACT, with one passage in each content area; since June 2014, however, ACT, Inc. has begun to incorporate paired passages (two short passages with questions ask you about each passage and to compare the two passages in several ways) into the exam, which means that you may face up to 5 passages (across 4 subject areas) on the ACT. Unfortunately, there aren't really any good study materials for these paired passages out there yet - but more on that in an upcoming article. If you want to read more about the ACT (and the Reading section in particular), look into our articles on the length of the ACT and what's actually tested on ACT Reading. Now that you have a better idea of what exactly is on ACT Reading, let’s segue into tips for how to practice the ACT Reading section in the most effective way. ACT Reading Practice Tip 1: Use Official ACT Tests When you are practicing for the ACT, you MUST use official ACT questions. Why? Because only official ACT questions will test you the same way the real test does. Part of what is difficult about the ACT is that it takes concepts everyone knows (since it's standardized, it has to stick to standard knowledge) and then asks about them in weird ways. Therefore, the best way to insure you get used to the weird ways of questioning is to do actual ACT questions. As PrepScholar co-founder Allen Cheng has said, â€Å"If you train yourself on questions that aren't anything like what the ACT writes, you're going to learn the wrong patterns.† So where can you find official tests? Well, to start out with, we've compiled a complete list of all the available free complete ACT tests. You can also buy The Real ACT (3rd edition) as well as ACT Inc's online prep program to gain access to additional official tests (more about where you can do that in this article). Finally, the PrepScholar test prep platform integrates up to 5 offical ACT tests as part of your customized study program. ACT Reading Practice Tip 2: Practice Under Realistic Conditions When you take the ACT, you’ll be constrained not only by the amount of time you have to answer Reading questions (35 minutes), but in when you take the Reading section. What do I mean by this? Only that on test day, you'll be taking the Reading section third, having already spent the first two hours or so on the English and Math sections. In all likelihood, your brain will be tired, and you won't get a break from Reading questions partway through - you must do all 40 at once. If switching back and forth between sections sound like it might be more up your alley, try reading our article on the differences between the SAT and ACT to see if the SAT might be a better match for you. Bottom line: I recommend not only practicing Reading questions in isolation, but also doing Reading questions as part of at least one full-length timed practice test so you can get used to what it will feel like to have your brain possibly liquefied by the time you get to Reading. Additionally, make sure to take at least one practice test at the same time of day you would be taking the ACTual ACT (I will never stop doing this) so that you'll have a good idea of how tired you might be. For example, if you're not a morning person, an 8 am test might mean you don't pay as much attention when reading a passage, as compared to studying and practicing Reading questions and passages in the afternoon. snoozy 260515 by Daemyeong Middle School, used under CC BY-SA 2.0/Cropped from original. If this is you in the mornings, then a practice Reading section done in the afternoon may not be the best gauge of how you'll do on test day. ACT Reading Practice Tip 3: Review Your Mistakes Effectively The most important part of studying that many students skip over is EFFECTIVELY reviewing mistakes. Learning from your mistakes isn’t just a saying - it’s the single most useful tool for improving your test score. Yes, it’s tempting to just look at a question and go â€Å"oh, I made a stupid mistake† and just move on (I mean, what person wants to dwell on what she/he got wrong?). KLAXON! KLAXON! Failing to review your mistakes is the biggest mistake of all. To see real improvement in your score, you really need to get down into the nitty gritty of WHY you made the mistake. For example, what kinds of QUESTIONS or PASSAGES do you struggle with? Do you tend to have problems with Prose Fiction passages, no matter what the question is asking? Maybe you struggle when answering inference questions on passages (Line 42 primarily suggests that†¦), or finding the main point of a paragraph. Identifying the types of questions you struggle with most is necessary for creating the most helpful study plan - there's no point in wasting precious prep time practicing questions you already know how to answer. If your problems are with particular types of passages, you're in luck - we have an article with detailed explanations of each of the types of ACT passages. Have problems with passage-based questions? Go through our skills articles on vocabulary-in-context, big picture,little picture/detail, function and development, and inference questions. You can also brush up your passage reading skills with our article on the best way to approach the passage on ACT Reading. What about the kinds of MISTAKES you tend to make? Why did you make them? Don't just stop at surface explanations. Surface reason: oh, I just ran out of time for this question because it was at the end of the Reading section. I totally could have gotten it since it was asking about a detail that was really easy to find. This response is not helpful, because it doesn't make you learn from what you did wrong (and if you don't learn from your error, there's nothing to stop you from continuing to mess up). Nitty gritty:I ran out of time because I spent too much time on the Prose Fiction passage and ran out of time by the time I got to the Natural Science questions. How can I avoid this in the future? I should figure out which passages are easiest for me and which are hardest, then make sure I start with the easiest ones (since I don't have to do the section in order). I also need to make sure that I really only skim on my first readthrough or read the questions first and do all the detail ones that don’t rely on having to read the whole passage. Here's another example of possible reactions to getting a question wrong: Surface reason: There were two answers that seemed like they were kind of right, and I went with the wrong one. Oh well. Nothing I can do about that. A good start, but WHY did you go with the wrong one? You must look deeeeeeeeper. Nitty gritty: I didn’t read the question carefully enough to get what it was really asking. Because of this, when I went back to the passage I wasn’t able to eliminate three wrong answers. Next time, I'll really focus on exactly what the question is asking and make sure I answer the question based only on the information in the passage, not based on my outside knowledge. For even more detailed advice and suggestions on how to make sure you review mistakes in a way that improves your score, read my article here. Action Plan 1. Get official tests to practice from. Learn the way the ACT asks you about concepts to avoid tripping up on questions you know the answer to. 2. Practice under realistic conditions. Don't neglect to do timed reading sections as well as full-length practice tests, so you can get used to switching from Reading to other subject areas and back to Reading again. 3. Mark questions you are unsure of when you are taking the test. This way, you’re not just reviewing questions you got wrong - you’re also reviewing questions you were shaky on. 4. Review your mistakes so you can pinpoint your higher level weaknesses and drill them. If there's a particular type of question you tend to mess up on, focus your studying on that skill type. 5. Do it all over again: never give up [your test prep], never surrender. As you study, your weak areas may shift, so don’t hesitate to adapt your studying plan to fit your current skill level. For instance, if you had planned to spend a week studying each type of question, but find that after a couple of days you’ve already got the hang of answering questions that ask you to search for details in the passage, don’t waste your time spending five extra days on it - reallocate that time to an area that needs your attention more. For more guidance and suggestions that might work for you, try reading our articles on how to get a 36 on ACT reading and tips from a 36 full scorer. If you're really struggling with your prep, consider getting a tutor to help you structure your study and learn missing content. Contrary to what ACT Inc claims, the Reading section is much more about critical thinking skills than it is about knowing a particular curriculum, which means content-focused tutoring isn't necessarily helpful. However, it can still be helpful to get a tutor to help you create a structured study plan. On a completely unrelated note, one magnificent option for online tutoring can be found right here. Curitiba future bus stops by Sasha Aitkin, used under CC BY 2.0. Get off the struggle bus and taxi to success with these strategies! What’s Next Want more tips on the best way to study for the ACT? Read our guide to improving your ACT score by 4+ points. Go to the PrepScholar blog for articles targeted to each type of ACT Reading Question as well as articles about answering paired passage questions. Interested in adding some tutoring to the mix? PrepScholar Tutors might be right for you! Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial: